Canning 101: How to master the basics of home food preservation

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Specifics (the basics)

• Fill the appropriate canner halfway with water. Heat to a gentle simmer. Cover with lid until you're ready to use it.
• When ready to use, place the jars into the canning rack, then lower into the simmering water. The water should cover the jars by at least 1 inch. Cover with lid, and bring to a boil. 
• Boil for the indicated time in the recipe you're following (this will vary widely depending on the type of food and must be followed exactly to ensure proper technique).
• Adjust the boiling times for altitude. The higher the altitude, the longer you need to boil the food.
• When the time is up, turn off the heat, and let the jars sit in the water for 5 minutes. Lift them out with special canning tongs, and let cool on a wire rack for 12 hours, standing upright. 
• You'll know the jar is perfectly sealed if you press on the center of the lid when cooled, and it doesn't budge. If it flexes up or down, however, the jar was not sealed correctly, and you'll have to store the food in the fridge and use immediately.